Monthly Archives: January 2015

Communicating About Climate Change: One BITE at a time!

Image courtesy of Climatebites.org

Over the past four years I have communicated about climate change, the most helpful website for me is Climatebites.org. In 2011, Tom Smerling and Don McCubbin created this website to offer metaphors, soundbites, quotes, humor, cartoons, stories and graphics for anyone looking to communicate more effectively about climate change.

As I wrote about in a previous blog, a mutual friend, Sundae Horn, introduced me to Tom Smerling in August, 2011. Tom and I then met in person in Washington, D.C. to figure out how I could collaborate on Climatebites. Tom challenged me on the spot to contribute writings to Climatebites. Gulp. I had very limited experience with writing. However, it did seem like it could be fun.

It took me a couple weeks, but I did post my first bite post on Climatebites on October 14, 2011, Would you argue with your doctor over a heart condition? Over the next two and years, I got hooked writing bites. I ended up writing about 154 bites. Some of my Climatebites were then re-posted on other websites, such as boomerwarrior.com, climatemama.com, and elephantjournal.com.

For me, it felt like Climatebites filled a niche to provide helpful soundbite tools to climate change communicators and scientists struggling to explain the very complex science of climate change.

 

Image Source: climatesight.org

This frustrating inability of how to best communicate the complicated science of climate change with good metaphors had long been a source of discussion. Greg Dalton, Founder of Climate One, brought up this topic when he interviewed the late Dr. Stephen Schneider, climate scientist from Stanford University, on November 3, 2009. Dalton asked:

“Can the scientific method with all of its caveats and doubts…how can that change in terms of better informing or scientists changing for better informing policy makers and the media who work in a world of soundbites and short simple plications? How is that going to be bridged?”

Stephen Schneider’s response: “What we have to do and what I advice my science colleagues to do and what I do myself: Yes, I have my soundbites, but I also have oped which are three sound bites. I also have my Scientific American articles and Atlantic Journal articles, which are a little more in depth. I have a 300 page website, www.climatechange.net, where you can find out where I really think in depth and then I write long books. And those long books not only have to tell the nuisances, but they also have to tell where you changed your mind, where the community was wrong and how it evolved. It is what I call a hierarchy of backup products.

I think that scientists can be responsible, even in the soundbite world if they try to have that hierarchy. The only sad part is that the soundbite is heard by 20 million, the op ed is read by, maybe if you are lucky, 2 million, The Scientific American by 200,000, the website by 20,000 and the book, I hope, by 20,000, and you keep dropping down, but what else can you do?…

Scientists have been part of the problem in their reluctance of not wanting to get out there and use simple metaphors because if they cannot put in full disclosure in their first paragraph they are somehow irresponsible, which means they will never get on the air.”

It is ironic that this was an extremely long quote for Dr. Schneider, since he was a master of using soundbites to explain climate change when he talked to the media and general public. My first climate bite, Would you argue with your doctor over a heart condition?, was a Stephen Schneider quote.
Image Source: Amazon.com

It was a wonderful metaphor responding to the climate denial myth that we need absolute certainty before we can take action on climate change.

Tom Smerling based Climatebites on making climate change messages “stick” in people’s minds. Tom’s inspiration was Chip & Dan Heath’s guide to sticky messaging, Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die.

I first heard Schneider’s metaphor, ‘Would you argue with you doctor over a heart condition?’ while watching the 2006 HBO climate change documentary, Too Hot Not To Handle. It stuck in my mind to the extent that I grabbed it to use as my first Climatebite post five years later.
Here is the full quote from Schneider:
“Some people say ‘When you are sure about climate change, then we will do something about it.’

Suppose your doctor says ‘Well, I am very concerned about your heart condition. I think you should be on a low cholesterol diet and exercise.’ Would anybody say to their doctor ‘If you can’t tell me precisely when am I going to have the heart attack and how severe it will be.’ then why should I change my lifestyle?’

That is how absurd it is that when the political world tells us in the climate world: ‘tell us exactly how bad it is going to be and when and when you are sure, come back and talk to us.’ That is not the way it works in any other form of life. Not in business. Not in health. Not in security. We have pretty good ideas about what could happen. We do not have the detailed picture and we are not going to for several decades. What we are doing is taking a risk with the life support system of the earth and humans have to decide if we want to slow that down.”

Climatebites.org then became an incredible creative outlet for me to share sticky climate change messages that had been bouncing around my head for years. Even more, it became a fun challenge to look for sticky climate change soundbites when I was reading or watching documentaries on climate change.

Best of all, the biggest reward for me though for contributing to the website was developing a collection of now over 380 sticky soundbite responses to these denier myths.These are some of my favorites:

1. Myth: It’s the sun
2. Myth: Climate has always changed.
3. Myth: Climate has always changed.
Climatebite: Forest fires occur naturally, so arson can’t be real

4. Myth: Climate has always changed.
Climatebite: “Beavers felled trees before humans. So lumberjacks aren’t real?

5. Myth: More carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is good for us!
6. Myth: Coal creates jobs
7. Myth: We can adapt to climate change.
Climatebite: We cannot adapt to chaos.8. Myth: We can adapt to climate change
Climatebite: Our infrastructure may not be able to adapt.

9. Myth: Climate change is not real.
10. Myth: Climate science is political.
11. Myth: The planet will be fine.
12. Myth: Climate change is a threat to my freedom
13. Myth: Climate change action will raise taxes
Climatebite: With Superstorm Sandy’s and the 2012 extreme US drought, Mother Nature is already imposing ‘an extreme weather tax.’14. Myth: In the 1970s, climate scientists said the Earth was cooling
Climatebite: That idea is even more outdated than wearing those 1970s disco outfits.

15. Myth: China pollutes
Climatebite: Therefore, we should just keep polluting too?

16. Myth: China pollutes
Climatebite: “That is like saying ’We won’t protect free speech until China does.’”

17. Myth: China pollutes
Climatebite:  China is actually “eating our lunch” on clean energy

18. Myth: It’s just weather
Climatebite:  “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” — Mark Twain

19. Myth: It’s the weather
Climatebite: Check your underwear drawer.
“Climate is percentage of long underwear vs. shorts in your closest. Weather is deciding to wear long underwear or shorts today.”

20. Myth: It was cold last winter
Climatebite: April 15 was cooler than Apr 1. So spring is a hoax?

21. Myth: We just experienced a record snowstorm!
Climatebite: Yep. That is actually global warming. Warmer air holds more moisture.

22. Myth: Global warming paused since 1998
Climatebite: ‘paws are for kittens & puppies. Global warming is still increasing.’ — Joshua Willis NASA Climate Scientist

23. Myth: No global warming since 1998
Climatebite: “Taking 1998 as the starting year is a joke. Why not 1997 or 1999? Anyone doing this gets an ‘F’ grade in introductory statistics.” — climate scientist Pieter Tans

24. Myth: Scientists still disagree
Climatebite:  ‘If 98 doctors say my son is ill and needs medication and two say, ‘No, he doesn’t, he is fine,’ I will go with the ninety-eight. It’s common sense – the same with global warming. We go with the majority, the large majority.’ — former California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger

25. Myth: I am still skeptical
Climatebite: So am I! I am skeptical we can keep burning fossil fuels with a business as usual mentality without harming the planet.

26. Myth: Politicians won’t respond
Climatebite: “politicians don’t create political will, they respond to it.”

27. Myth: It’s hopeless
Climatebite: “The fact that humans are causing climate change is good news. That means we can do something about it.” — NASA scientist Robert Cahalan

28. Myth: It’s hopeless
Climatebite:  “Action is the antidote for despair.”— Joan Baez

29. Myth: It’s hopeless
Climatebite: Hope is a verb with its sleeves rolled up

30. Myth: I cannot make a difference
Climatebite: Think Globally, Act Daily.
— Brian Ettling

“Each and every person can change the world. We do this by the way we vote, the products we buy, and the attitudes we share with each other.” — Brian Ettling

All of those examples of climate bites and so many others have been incredible communication tools for me over the past four years.  I used them to talk with people who are hostile, unsure, or alarmed about climate change. They have given me the ability to speak with confidence.
Unfortunately, the Climatebites website was hacked in June, 2014. Don McCubbin and Tom Smerling then had to take the site down for several months to try to restore it. It was a shame because the website was listed on Climateaccess.org and other places as a great resource to communicate about climate change. The hacking and months of offline maintenance seemed to drop Climatebites off people’s radar.
Former Florida Governor
Charlie Crist
Image Source: Wikipedia.org

Even worse, I fell off the routine of composting Bite posts, which had been such a productive outlet for me. While the site was down, I remember finding a couple of soundbites that I really wanted to turn into climate bites, such as:

“I’m not a scientist either, but I can use my brain, and I can talk to one.”

That quote was former Florida Governor Charlie Crist (D) responding to Florida Governor Rick Scott during the 2014 Florida campaign for Governor. Florida Gov. Rick Scott (R) repeatedly used the line “I am not a scientist” to dodge questions about climate change during his re-election campaign. I still may turn this into a bite, but it would have been more relevant to have been able to post this during the 2014 mid-term campaign. If Republicans and conservatives continue to use that line to dodge questions about climate change, I may still turn the Crist quote into a bite.
Image Source: NASA.gov

“The spreading sheet of sea ice around Antarctica could be viewed as a napkin being draped over a monstrous water pistol.”

That was written by John Upton, a Senior Science Writer at Climate Central in his October 13, 2014 article, Expanding Antarctic Sea Ice is Flooding ‘Warning Bell.‘ Upton was making the point with that metaphor that research is now suggesting that the expansion of Antarctic sea ice in an indication of Antarctic ocean changes. These changes could acerbate ice sheet melting, by trapping heat beneath a layer of cold surface water, worsening flooding around the world.
That is still a very scary idea for me that I may still need to communicate on Climatebites or elsewhere.
Basically, Climatebites.org has had huge influence on me to try to speak and write on climate change using sticky picturesque metaphors and soundbites to effective communicate.
My hope is that somehow the blog post may spur and renewed interest in Climatebites.org.It has been a very productive partnership with Tom Smerling and Don McCubblin over the past four years. Most Recently, Tom and Don showed their support for me by most recently giving me the title of Senior Contributing Author and including a brief bio of me on their About/Contact Us page.

I hope to be inspired once more to post Bites on there since the site has been so beneficial to me.

Stay tuned…

 

 

Slaying a Zombie Theory: ‘Earth has not warmed since 1998’

Below is the text of a speech I gave at South County Toastmasters in St. Louis, Missouri on Wednesday, December 3, 2014.I am here
tonight with my special sword to slay a zombie. In popular movies and TV shows,
zombies are basically dead, decaying humans coming kill and eat you and me.
Zombie very scary for me because they are so gross and hard to kill, except if
you have a powerful sword like mine.

Even worse
than zombies, I find this to be even scarier: CLIMATE CHANGE.
Since the
industrial revolution 200 years ago, we mostly
burn fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, for our energy
needs.  When we burn these fuels, carbon
dioxide is released. Since 1880, science tells us that we have increased the amount
of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere by 40%.
Basic physics tells us that carbon dioxide traps the Earth’s heat.
Just like wearing Snuggy blankets traps body
heat keeping my niece and nephew warm on a cold winter day. Increasing carbon
dioxide in our atmosphere by 40% is like throwing an extra blanket over our
planet, just like I am doing with my niece and nephew in this picture.Speaking of too many blankets, has anyone here ever waked up in the middle of the night feeling overheated from sleeping under too many blankets? This NASA video shows we are overheating the Earth putting too much carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. I will pause while it shows the changes in global temperatures from 1884 to today.

In other words, precise global temperature measurements show that we have gone
from this in 1884 to this today.

Just like
scary zombies coming after you and me, global temperatures have steadily
increased over our lifetimes. Since 1970, this graph below from Climatecentral.org shows the average surface temperature
of the planet has jumped up higher each decade. 

 

Even more,
since temperature records have been meticulously documented starting in 1880,
2013 tied with 2003 as the fourth warmest year globally. Currently, the warmest
year on record is 2010, followed by 2005. Only one year during the 20th
century—1998—was warmer than 2013.  What
really jumps out at me looking at this picture below is that including 2013, 12 of
the 13 warmest years on record occurred in the 21st century or since 1998. 

 

Yet, I have
frequently heard my fellow Toastmasters tell me this zombie myth:
The Earth as not warmed
since 1998.

Who has
heard that argument before?

Unfortunately,
after my last speech to the Club in April, another Toastmaster cornered me with
this statement in a hostile way that made me feel like I was being attacked by
a zombie. Sadly, I did not have my sword to defend myself against that
Toastmaster.

However, Dr. Marshall Shepherd, climate scientist at the University of Georgia, has
a wonderful tool to slay the 1998 zombie myth in his amazing 2013 TED
Talk video, Slaying the Zombies of Climate Science.

In this
video, Dr. Shepherd talks about zombie theories. What is a zombie theory?
According to
Dr. Shepherd: “It is one of those theories that scientists have refuted or
disproven time and time again, but it lives on like zombies in the blogs, radio
stations, tweets, and I see and hear them all the time.”
Where does
this idea originate that the planet
has not warmed since 1998?
People who
reject human-caused climate change will point to 1998 on a graph and say ‘See!
The planet has not warmed up over the past 16 years.’ 

That looks logical to me looking at this graph. The problem is that climate scientists see the growth of a higher linear rate since
1970.  Even more, scientists look at
long term global trends of at least 30 years to 100 years at least know if
climate change is real.
Climate
scientists use the term ‘cherry picking’ for
those who point to the flatter warming since 1998. Cherry picking is
defined as the act of pointing to individual cases or data that seem to confirm
a particular position, while ignoring a significant portion of related cases or
data that may contradict that position.
Who is this? 

Stan Musial
Image Source: missourinet.com

Example of
cherry picking would be someone saying that St. Louis Cardinal great Stan
Musial does not belong in the Baseball
Hall of Fame because he had a mediocre .280 batting average for his last
five seasons. However, you overlook his outstanding .331 average for his 22
year career. Nobody in St. Louis would be happy with someone cherry picking Stan Musial’s stats. Neither should we do this with climate science.

According to
Dr. Shepherd or numerous other climate scientists I have met, they will tell
you that yes, the climate has changed before. However, they are worried about
the current rate of change, especially over the last 11,000 years.
This graph below, e-mailed to me by Dr. Shepherd, shows a simplified representation around 10,000 years ago, the
temperature rose about 1 degree over 1,800 years. It then reached a plateau for
4,000 years, then it dropped 1.3 degrees over 5,400 years, and it spiked 1.3
degrees over the past 100 years with the burning of fossil fuels. Scientists
are troubled by the rate of warming happening
now in decades in what used to take thousands of years. I calculated this
rate of warming as currently 23 times faster than when the Earth naturally
warmed a similar amount around 10,000 years ago. 

Scientists
are very worried about the rate of change happening with climate change, just
like I am scared of zombies because they are GROSS, HARD TO KILL AND WANT TO
EAT US.

Photo of Brian Ettling

However, I can now overcome this zombie fear by
slaying them with this sword! Even more, I am so happy we can slay this 1998
climate zombie theory.

Besides the
sword I brought here tonight, the best
weapon I know slay this zombie theory is this Scientific American headline I saw last October while I was preparing this speech: 2014 On Track to Become Hottest Year on Record.
With my sword,
here is why we can slay this zombie
myth that ‘There has been no warming
since 1998.’
1. 2010,
2005, and possibly 2014 are all warmer years than 1998.
2. Since the
1970s, the average surface temperature of the planet has jumped up higher each
decade.
3. Isolating
1998 to 2014 is too short of a time period to say it is not warming.

Climate is determined by compiled weather
statistics over a 30 year period.

As we talked
about earlier, no one in St. Louis would be happy with someone cherry picking
Stan Musial’s stats. Neither should we do this with climate science, especially
since climate scientists see a higher
linear growth rate since 1970.
I may still
have nightmares about these zombies.

However, with the help of climate scientist Dr. Marshall Shepherd with his Slaying the Zombies of Climate Science Ted Talk and my amazing sword, we can now victoriously slay the myth ‘There has been no warming since 1998.’